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Country Report

Fresh Food in China

Apr 2011

Price: US$1,100

About this Report

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Food prices continue to escalate in 2010

China has entered a period of long-term inflation since the RMB4 billion economic stimulus plan was launched back in 2008. Since then, food prices have steadily risen, with prices rising 4.4% in October 2010 on a year earlier. Rising food prices have placed a heavy burden on low-income and rural families. Besides the extreme weather in 2010, additional contributions to rising food prices were increased labour costs and growing demand for meat, dairy, and grain products, combined with market speculation, which pushed inflation beyond its target. Imports of commodities will rise if the prices continue to escalate in the future. The Chinese government is continuing to unveil food price controls and policies to remain self-sufficient and to keep food prices under control in the long run.

Lack of cold chain logistics standards hamper food safety

China did not start establishing cold chain national standards until 2010, a major hurdle for the development of cold chain logistics in the country. China is a latecomer in terms of cold chain logistics development. Currently, only around 15% of food, meat and vegetables is transported via the cold chain in China, compared with 90% in more developed nations. The development of China’s cold chain logistics will effectively reduce the percentage of food decay in transportation and will move food safety standards to a higher level. Moreover, cold chain logistics will increase the availability of some local crops, which is likely to influence the diet structure and the food products consumption structure, especially in inland cities, where local residents will have better access to seafood that requires refrigeration facilities.

Water resources pose a major challenge

 

In 2010, crop production was hindered by extreme weather. In the spring season of 2010, severe drought hit the southern part of China, caused a shortage of water supply for livestock and farmland. In the early summer, heavy flooding hit 28 provinces, damaging about nine million hectares of farmland. Food shortages caused by extreme weather will only have a temporary or seasonal effect on inflation. However, due to the growing population, increasing urbanisation, rising farming levels and climate change, not only China, but also the whole world is facing shortages in water supply. The shortages in water resources will pose major challenges to the food supply in the long run.

Distribution channels evolve

Big and modern distribution channels are taking share from traditional distribution channels in China due to the combined effects of overall ongoing urbanisation, retailer upgrades, lifestyle changes, and better household refrigeration facilities. Chinese consumers are getting used to doing a major shop once a week and hypermarkets will be the ideal one-stop shopping solution. Chinese consumers are moving towards big distributors like hypermarkets and supermarkets where they expect better-quality food and a better open shelf service, albeit higher prices as well.

Heavy government subsidy guarantees future consumption

China launched a new 5-year plan in 2011 and indicated its intention to continue providing heavy government subsidies to improve the incomes of the rural population and guarantee the food supply in terms of price, quality and diversity. The government has realised that the repeated reports of food accidents can be partially ascribed to the low-margin food suppliers and tough business environment. The 5-year plan will guarantee a better business environment with a lower tax burden and additional direct subsidies. Consumers will have greater selections with better quality and fair prices. On the other hand, Chinese consumers might see price inflation on imported products due to the local agricultural protection of certain products.


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Overview

Discover the latest market trends and uncover sources of future market growth for the Fresh Food industry in China with research from Euromonitor's team of in-country analysts.

Find hidden opportunities in the most current research data available, understand competitive threats with our detailed market analysis, and plan your corporate strategy with our expert qualitative analysis and growth projections.

If you're in the Fresh Food industry in China, our research will save you time and money while empowering you to make informed, profitable decisions.

The Fresh Food in China market research report includes:

  • Analysis of key supply-side and demand trends
  • Detailed segmentation of international and local products
  • Historic volumes and values, company and brand market shares
  • Five year forecasts of market trends and market growth  
  • Robust and transparent market research methodology, conducted in-country

Our market research reports answer questions such as:

  • What is the market size of Fresh Food in China?
  • What are the major brands in China?
  • What is the impact of commodities price fluctuations on local production and consumption?
  • What are the key campaigns and/or legislation driving fresh food sales?

Why buy this report?

  • Gain competitive intelligence about market leaders
  • Track key industry trends, opportunities and threats
  • Inform your marketing, brand, strategy and market development, sales and supply functions

This industry report originates from Passport, our Food market research database.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Fresh Food in China - Industry Overview

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Food prices continue to escalate in 2010

Lack of cold chain logistics standards hamper food safety

Water resources pose a major challenge

Distribution channels evolve

Heavy government subsidy guarantees future consumption

KEY TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS

Overall Inflation further pushes up food prices

Chinese food therapy thrives – affecting the food market

Lack of cold chain logistics standards hampers food safety

MARKET DATA

  • Table 1 Sales of Fresh Food by Category: Total Volume 2005-2010
  • Table 2 Sales of Fresh Food by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2005-2010
  • Table 3 Sales of Fresh Food by Distribution Format: % Total Volume Analysis 2005-2010
  • Table 4 Sales of Fresh Food by Distribution Format: % Retail Volume Analysis 2005-2010
  • Table 5 Forecast Sales of Fresh Food by Category: Total Volume 2010-2015
  • Table 6 Forecast Sales of Fresh Food by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2010-2015

DEFINITIONS

  • Summary 1 Research Sources

Eggs in China - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • The total consumption of eggs rose to 26.7 million tonnes in 2010. This represented 2% growth compared with the figure in 2009. Eggs has continued to experience a growth trend in recent years, which is a combined effect of population growth and consumption per capita growth.

PROSPECTS

  • The eggs CAGR over the forecast period is expected to be 2% in total volume terms. The overall growth rate will slow down compared to the review period due to the existing high penetration rate of eggs and mature cooking traditions in China.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 7 Sales of Eggs: Total Volume 2005-2010
  • Table 8 Sales of Eggs: % Total Volume Growth 2005-2010
  • Table 9 Sales of Eggs by Distribution Format: % Total Volume Analysis 2005-2010
  • Table 10 Forecast Sales of Eggs: Total Volume 2010-2015
  • Table 11 Forecast Sales of Eggs: % Total Volume Growth 2010-2015

Fish and Seafood in China - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • Consumers’ desire for healthy meals has driven the growth of fish and seafood consumption in China, with the sales volume reaching 49 million tonnes in 2010. Fish is highly nutritious, providing not only highly-concentrated protein with less fat, but also as a source of a wide range of micronutrients, minerals and omega 3 fatty acids. Well accepted as a great alternative to red meat, fish is in a good position to compete with pork and beef.

PROSPECTS

  • Population growth, rising disposable income and increasing urbanisation are the driving force behind the surge in the consumption of fish and seafood. Urbanisation stimulated the desire for health and wellbeing with diversified diets and better overall nutrition absorption.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 12 Sales of Fish and Seafood by Category: Total Volume 2005-2010
  • Table 13 Sales of Fish and Seafood by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2005-2010
  • Table 14 Sales of Fish and Seafood by Distribution Format: % Total Volume Analysis 2005-2010
  • Table 15 Forecast Sales of Fish and Seafood by Category: Total Volume 2010-2015
  • Table 16 Forecast Sales of Fish and Seafood by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2010-2015

Fruits in China - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • With the rapid growth of per capita income in China in recent years, the primary concern of food consumption will become more health orientated. The intake of sufficient amounts of fruits and vegetables per day are believed to help people to fight off problems such as heart disease, diabetes and obesity, as well as prevent micronutrient deficiencies.

PROSPECTS

  • Sales of fruits are expected to register a volume CAGR of 2% over the forecast period. Rising incomes, increasing urbanisation, better education, improved diet and health consciousness are all shaping China’s fruit consumption.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 17 Sales of Fruits by Category: Total Volume 2005-2010
  • Table 18 Sales of Fruits by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2005-2010
  • Table 19 Sales of Fruits by Distribution Format: % Total Volume Analysis 2005-2010
  • Table 20 Forecast Sales of Fruits by Category: Total Volume 2010-2015
  • Table 21 Forecast Sales of Fruits by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2010-2015

Meat in China - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • Growth in 2010 was slightly slower than the previous year. This was partly the result of rocketing meat prices in 2010 as well as the global financial crisis hitting China. Poultry is behind pork as the most consumed fresh meat in China and recorded the highest volume growth of 8% to reach 22.3 million tonnes in 2010.

PROSPECTS

  • Meat is expected to maintain a stable growth rate with a volume CAGR of 4% over the forecast period. Meat will see a continued consumption shift from pork to poultry, beef and lamb.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 22 Sales of Meat by Category: Total Volume 2005-2010
  • Table 23 Sales of Meat by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2005-2010
  • Table 24 Sales of Meat by Distribution Format: % Total Volume Analysis 2005-2010
  • Table 25 Forecast Sales of Meat by Category: Total Volume 2010-2015
  • Table 26 Forecast Sales of Meat by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2010-2015

Nuts in China - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • Nuts experienced slightly higher than previous year but stable growth in 2010, at 2%. Other than peanuts, most nuts are consumed as snacks, meaning that demand for nuts is therefore relatively small.

PROSPECTS

  • The sales of nuts will see a CAGR of 3% over the forecast period, with increasing disposable incomes and rising awareness of how important the food pyramid is for health and wellness.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 27 Sales of Nuts by Category: Total Volume 2005-2010
  • Table 28 Sales of Nuts by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2005-2010
  • Table 29 Sales of Nuts by Distribution Format: % Total Volume Analysis 2005-2010
  • Table 30 Forecast Sales of Nuts by Category: Total Volume 2010-2015
  • Table 31 Forecast Sales of Nuts by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2010-2015

Pulses in China - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • Sales of pulses increased by only 1% in volume terms in 2010. The pulses category, especially mung beans and red beans, underwent a tough and turbulent year in 2010, with prices doubling during the summer and then falling back from these highs later in the year.

PROSPECTS

  • Pulses will see prices fall in the forecast period, mainly because of government intervention to prevent market manipulation. The high returns on the cultivation of beans in 2010 will also encourage more farmers to switch to cultivating beans in 2011, which will increase the supply of beans.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 32 Sales of Pulses by Category: Total Volume 2005-2010
  • Table 33 Sales of Pulses by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2005-2010
  • Table 34 Sales of Pulses by Distribution Format: % Total Volume Analysis 2005-2010
  • Table 35 Forecast Sales of Pulses by Category: Total Volume 2010-2015
  • Table 36 Forecast Sales of Pulses by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2010-2015

Starchy Roots in China - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • Potatoes and sweet potatoes contributed the most to the overall growth in starchy roots.

PROSPECTS

  • Sales of starchy roots are expected to reach 123 million tonnes in 2015, having recorded a CAGR of 3% over the forecast period.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 37 Sales of Starchy Roots by Category: Total Volume 2005-2010
  • Table 38 Sales of Starchy Roots by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2005-2010
  • Table 39 Sales of Starchy Roots by Distribution Format: % Total Volume Analysis 2005-2010
  • Table 40 Forecast Sales of Starchy Roots by Category: Total Volume 2010-2015
  • Table 41 Forecast Sales of Starchy Roots by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2010-2015

Sugar and Sweeteners in China - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • The total consumption of sugar and sweeteners went up from 5.1 million tonnes to 5.3 million tonnes in 2010, representing total growth of 4%. Sugar and sweeteners experienced slightly stronger growth than other areas due to the evolving eating behaviour changes over the period.

PROSPECTS

  • Sugar and sweeteners is expected to register a 3% CAGR over the forecast period.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 42 Sales of Sugar and Sweeteners: Total Volume 2005-2010
  • Table 43 Sales of Sugar and Sweeteners: % Total Volume Growth 2005-2010
  • Table 44 Sales of Sugar and Sweeteners by Distribution Format: % Total Volume Analysis 2005-2010
  • Table 45 Forecast Sales of Sugar and Sweeteners: Total Volume 2010-2015
  • Table 46 Forecast Sales of Sugar and Sweeteners: % Total Volume Growth 2010-2015

Vegetables in China - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • The total consumption of vegetables went up from 286 million tonnes to 291 millions tonnes in 2010, representing total growth of almost 2%. The growth rate of vegetable consumption has been stabilising within the 1-2% range in recent years.

PROSPECTS

  • The total consumption of vegetables is expected to see slow growth over the forecast period at a CAGR of 1%. Given the assumption that China will not see significant changes in food recipes and eating behaviour, vegetables will remain the most important food for Chinese people, however.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 47 Sales of Vegetables by Category: Total Volume 2005-2010
  • Table 48 Sales of Vegetables by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2005-2010
  • Table 49 Sales of Vegetables by Distribution Format: % Total Volume Analysis 2005-2010
  • Table 50 Forecast Sales of Vegetables by Category: Total Volume 2010-2015
  • Table 51 Forecast Sales of Vegetables by Category: % Total Volume Growth 2010-2015

Segmentation

Segmentation

This market research report includes the following:

  • Fresh Food
    • Eggs
    • Fish and Seafood
      • Crustaceans
      • Fish
      • Molluscs and Cephalopods
    • Fruits
      • Apples
      • Banana
      • Cherries
      • Cranberries/Blueberries
      • Grapefruit/Pomelo
      • Grapes
      • Lemon and Limes
      • Oranges, Tangerines and Mandarins
      • Peaches/Nectarines
      • Pears/Quinces
      • Pineapple
      • Plums/Sloes
      • Strawberries
      • Other Fruits
    • Meat
      • Beef and Veal
      • Lamb, Mutton and Goat
      • Pork
      • Poultry
      • Other Meat
    • Nuts
      • Almonds
      • Peanuts (Groundnuts)
      • Pistachio
      • Walnuts
      • Other Nuts
    • Pulses
      • Beans
      • Peas
      • Other Pulses
    • Starchy Roots
      • Cassava
      • Potatoes
      • Sweet Potatoes
      • Other Roots
    • Sugar and Sweeteners
    • Vegetables
      • Onion
      • Tomatoes
      • Other Vegetables

Statistics Included

Statistics Included

For each category and subcategory you will receive the following data in Excel format:

From Passport

  • Market sizes
  • Distribution
  • Analysis by type
  • Trade statistics - volume

Market size details:

  • Retail volume
  • Retail volume % growth
  • Retail volume per capita
  • Total volume
  • Total volume % growth
  • Total volume per capita
  • Total volume
  • Total volume % growth
  • Total volume per capita

Methodology

Methodology

Global insight and local knowledge

With 40 years’ experience of developed and emerging markets, Euromonitor International’s research method is built on a unique combination of specialist industry knowledge and in-country research expertise.

This approach is what enables us to achieve our goal of building a market consensus view of size, shape and trends across the full distribution universe of each category. We factor in whichever channels are relevant, from large-scale grocery to direct sellers, from discount stores to local mom-and-pop outlets.

Industry specialists

Each industry we cover is managed by an Industry Manager and team of Industry Analysts who research and report on their specialist categories all year round.

Our collaborative approach to research means that these industry teams are in constant dialogue with industry players and opinion formers. The planning of our research programmes reflects latest market trends and industry events. In completing each update project, this provides invaluable input to the testing, review and finalisation of our data.

The specialist in-house teams bring together findings from all stages of the annual research process. They work closely with in-country analysts, assess and challenge data and exercise final editorial control over the publication of new data and analysis.

Country and regional analysts

Our in-country analyst network is managed by country and regional analysts in our offices around the world. Working closely with each in-country team, the regional research management team ensures that all country researchers are well schooled in best practices, from the information collected in store checks, to the dialogue we build in trade surveys. Our country analysts ensure that national reports explain the data trends and provide clear insights into the local market’s dynamics.

In-country research network

To deliver fresh insights every year in countries all around the world, we believe the strongest approach is to use analysts on the ground. They bring fluency in local language, physical proximity to the best sources, an ability to engage directly with local industry contacts, and an awareness of how the products and services we study are advertised, sold and consumed. These are essential parts of our ability to report incisively on these markets.

Research Methodology

Our research methods

Each Euromonitor International industry report is based on a core set of research techniques:

Desk research

With industry events, corporate activity, trends and new product introductions tracked year round by our industry team, desk research provides a starting point for the in-country research programme. Our in-country researchers will access the following sources:

  • National statistics offices governmental and official sources
  • National and international trade press
  • National and international trade associations
  • Industry study groups and other semi-official sources
  • Company financials and annual reports
  • Broker reports
  • Online databases
  • The financial, business and mainstream press

Accessing sources is only the first step. The ability to interpret and reconcile often conflicting information across multiple sources is a key aspect of the added value we provide.

Store checks

Store checks are an integral part of our methods for product industries. Carried out on the ground across a relevant mix of channels, the information gained provides first-hand insights into the products we are researching, specifically:

  • Place: We track products in all relevant channels, selective and mass, store and non-store
  • Product: What are innovations in products, pack sizes and formats?
  • Price: What are brand price variations across channels, how do private label’s prices compare to those of branded goods?
  • Promotion: What are marketing and merchandising trends, offers, discounts and tie-ins?

Findings are cross-referenced with brand share data analysis. The results, combined with the findings of desk research, provide a strong basis for identifying key areas of questioning to take forward into our trade survey.

Trade survey

Interaction with global players at corporate HQ and regional levels is complemented by unique local data and insights from our in-country trade surveys around the world. Through the high profile of the Euromonitor International brand, we are able to talk directly to a wide range of sources and therefore inform our analysis with the knowledge and opinions of the leading operators in the market.

Trade surveys allow us to:

  • Fill gaps in available published data per company
  • Generate a consensus view of the size, structure and strategic direction of the category
  • Access year-in-progress data where published sources are out of date
  • Evaluate the experts’ views on current trends and market developments

In building our composite industry view, we engage with a variety of personnel in key players at all points of the supply chain: materials suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers and service operators. We also interview desk research sources: industry associations; study groups; and third party observers from the trade and financial press.

Our objective is to engage in conversation with trade sources in which we exchange ideas and views on the industry, sharing our work-in-progress findings on supply/demand dynamics and potential. This dialogue enhances both parties’ understanding of the local market. The scope and reach of our trade survey also serves to eliminate bias (intentional and unintentional) from any single source.

Company analysis

At a global level, our company research combines our mix of industry interaction and use of secondary sources such as annual accounts, broker reports, financial press and databases. From a data perspective, the aim is to build “top-down” estimates of major players’ total global and regional sales.

At a country level, in line with local reporting requirements, we access annual accounts, national-specific company databases and local company websites. These are all invaluable sources as we build a view of each domestic player’s size and position within very specific categories of the industry.

Forecasts

Data projections and future performance analysis are key elements of Euromonitor International’s market intelligence. Working with historic trends of 15 years or more, a key aspect of our trade survey is to engage industry insider views of the next five years. Will volumes maintain their historic trend? Will price increases or falls of recent years continue, accelerate or slow down? Will increasing demand for one product cannibalise sales of another?

Forecasts represent many of the essential conclusions we have reached about the current state of the market, how it works and how it behaves under different macro and micro conditions. Our written analysis will state the assumptions and the trade opinion behind whether our predictions are optimistic or pessimistic, so that clients can use our statistical forecasts with confidence.

Data validation

All data is subjected to an exhaustive review process, at country, regional and global levels.

The interpretation and review of sources and data inputs forms a central part of the collaboration between industry teams and country researchers. Numbers are delivered to regional and global offices with an audit trail of sources and calculations to allow for a thorough evaluation of data sense and integrity.

Upon completion of the country review phase, data is then reviewed on a comparative basis at regional and then at a global level. Comparative checks are carried out on per capita consumption and spending levels, growth rates, patterns of category and subcategory breakdowns and distribution of sales by channel. Top-down estimates are reviewed against bottom-up regional and global market and company sales totals.

Where marked differences are seen between proximate country markets or ones at similar developmental levels, supplementary research is conducted in the relevant countries to confirm and/or amend those findings. This process ensures international comparability across the database, that consistent category and subcategory definitions have been used and that all data has been correctly tested. We make sure that possible discrepancies between different published sources have been reconciled and that our interpretation of opinion and expectation from each country’s trade sources has been applied to form a coherent international pattern.

Market analysis

Another integral part of all our research programmes is that all Euromonitor International data is accompanied by clear written analysis. From a research perspective, this explains and substantiates data findings. From a client perspective, this offers unique insights into local consumption trends, routes to market, brand preferences, channel dynamics and future trends.

Our country level analysis also provides invaluable input into the ability of our central industry specialist teams to marry local insights with strategic conclusions on the direction of the market regionally and globally.

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