Eastern Europe

E-commerce registered double-digit current value growth in 2022, as well as healthy constant value growth, in spite of high inflation. The high inflation was due to the war in Ukraine, which led to soaring energy prices, which in turn led to higher…

Croatians were impacted by rising inflation in 2022 and faced a cost of living crisis similar to many shoppers across Europe. As the economy started to emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine and rising costs of energy and raw materials…

The war in Ukraine had a negative impact, with the resultant energy crisis leading to high inflation and dampening volume sales somewhat. As a result, while overall retail registered a healthy increase in current value sales in 2022, constant value…

Consumer Lifestyles offers valuable insights into key consumer attitudes and current thinking, and their impact on purchasing and consumption habits; quantifying behaviours, preferences and motivations and aligning them with broader trends.

This report visually explores everyday habits and behaviours which reflect consumers' beliefs and values, linking behavioural trends with purchase and consumption habits. 

The number of Poland's households will experience a slight increase over 2022-2027, with single-person households continuing to dominate. In 2022, household spending was notably affected by soaring inflation and rising interest rates, with a fifth of…

Warsaw and Lódz, Poland's thriving urban hubs, benefit from strong productivity, elevated consumer spending, and extensive service industries. Moreover, Lódz displays the highest potential for future economic expansion. However, challenges for the…

Consumer Types can be a powerful tool to help companies better understand and appeal to their target markets. By going beyond typical demographic-based segmentation, such as age or gender, and grouping consumers based on shared traits and…

Poland's consumer income is projected to experience subdued growth over the near term, in line with considerably slowing economic development. Middle-class households are forecast to decline, while the lowest income class is set to expand at the…

Sales of consumer electronics were negatively impacted as consumers cut down on discretionary purchases as prices of electronics products escalated despite the economic uncertainties.

The penetration rate of contact lenses in Romania is below the European average, with the country having one of the lowest rates. Moreover, usage of contact lenses in the country remains limited to urban areas and to people with medium to high…

In 2023, the eyewear landscape in Romania continues to exhibit positive retail value growth, albeit at a more modest pace compared to 2022. This relatively slower dynamic can be attributed to a combination of factors that have influenced the spending…

The performance of spectacles in Romania has been consistently impressive, surpassing expectations and maintaining value, despite the challenges of high inflation. This indicates that Romanians prioritise quality when it comes to choosing their…

When selecting a pair of sunglasses, the brand is one of the most important factors that consumers consider. In Romania, esteemed brands like Polaroid and Ray-Ban hold significant appeal, particularly for individuals who strongly consider their…

Rising inflation in addition to further excise tax hikes helped to shift cigarette smokers towards other categories in 2022, including smoking tobacco and vaping. Under such economic conditions retail volume growth has remained under pressure with…

The disappearance of pandemic fears created more opportunities for social events and gatherings in 2022 giving rise to greater smoking occasions. However, mounting inflation and soaring prices hampered demand for cigars as disposable income was…

Heated tobacco saw the arrival of Glo from British American Tobacco Plc in 2022, causing disruption with its new devices priced at some 50% lower than its sole competitor Iqos (Philip Morris Slovakia sro). Heavy marketing support in tobacco…

A new set of excise taxes continued to push retail prices upwards in 2022, which put an additional strain on the already weakened budgets of smokers in Slovakia. Inflationary pressure was also a key factor contributing to double-digit growth of…

There was a temporary issue with supplies of cigarettes in 2022. Cigarettes are mainly imported from Ukraine, but with war breaking out in Ukraine in 2022, supply lines were severely disrupted. As a result, other trade routes had to be found quickly,…

There was a significant increase in volume sales for cigars and cigarillos in 2022, and in particular for cigarillos. With society fully opened up, post pandemic lockdowns, this led to an increase in volume sales, as there was more socialising. The…