Income and Expenditure

Insight into income, wealth and expenditure of consumers and households is vital in helping businesses make strategic decisions with regards to which country (or even which region within a country) to enter, which consumer segment to target, which…

Insight into income, wealth and expenditure of consumers and households is vital in helping businesses make strategic decisions with regards to which country (or even which region within a country) to enter, which consumer segment to target, which…

The global energy crisis has had far-reaching implications for consumers, businesses and entire economies, highlighting the importance of the global energy transition and boosting energy efficiency, while creating opportunities for innovation and…

Consumers are facing increased pressure from rising prices as global inflation reaches 7% in 2023. The impact of higher costs of living is felt from top earners in developed markets to struggling households in emerging and developing countries.…

Ageing, urbanisation and generational shifts shape China's demographic landscape. The number of seniors is projected to witness a substantial increase by 2040 while life expectancy grows and birth rates remain at all-time lows. Being the largest…

Cities are hubs for spending, with 80% of expenditure expected to be generated by urban areas in 2023. Spending growth in 2023 will, however, be sluggish, as cost of living challenges force consumers to be more conservative in their expenditure. Over…

With China’s economy reopening, consumer spending and income growth are expected to accelerate. Over the period to 2027, the lower middle class (socioeconomic group D) is set to experience the fastest expansion, while the lowest income class…

South Korea has witnessed population decline over the recent years, as number of childless households continue to increase. Generation X, aged 60-75 in 2040, will continue to hold its position as the most influential consumer segment. Older cohorts…

The digitalisation and expansion of high-tech industries in South Korea are poised to fuel consumer growth, surpassing the regional average. The rise of a burgeoning middle class and an expanding affluent consumer segment will serve as pillars for…

Global consumers are struggling with the cost of living crisis, as inflation remains high while household income growth lags. Consumers are adopting recessionary habits, such as trading down and being more selective in their spending. Rather than…