Income and Expenditure

Cities are hubs for spending, with 80% of expenditure expected to be generated by urban areas in 2023. Spending growth in 2023 will, however, be sluggish, as cost of living challenges force consumers to be more conservative in their expenditure. Over…

Global consumers are struggling with the cost of living crisis, as inflation remains high while household income growth lags. Consumers are adopting recessionary habits, such as trading down and being more selective in their spending. Rather than…

The briefing introduces the Cities Households Necessities Spending Index. The index ranks 1,075 cities by household expenditure on non-discretionary items, namely food, housing, and clothing and footwear. This analysis focuses on 160 major cities.…

Germany experiences a continuous flow of immigrants that supports its population, and its businesses are embracing greater diversity and inclusivity. The impacts of the pandemic on consumer trends and spending habits are still evident in 2022, with a…

As of May 2020, Euromonitor International has further downgraded the baseline global real GDP growth forecast for 2020 to a range of -4.0% to -1.5. Advanced economies are expected to be the hardest hit in this recession, with their economic activity…