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Country Report

Financial Cards and Payments in Greece

Apr 2012

Price: US$900

About this Report

About this Report

Samples (FAQs about samples):

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Overview

Discover the latest market trends and uncover sources of future market growth for the Financial Cards and Payments industry in Greece with research from Euromonitor's team of in-country analysts.

Find hidden opportunities in the most current research data available, understand competitive threats with our detailed market analysis, and plan your corporate strategy with our expert qualitative analysis and growth projections.

If you're in the Financial Cards and Payments industry in Greece, our research will save you time and money while empowering you to make informed, profitable decisions.

The Financial Cards and Payments in Greece market research report includes:

  • Analysis of key supply-side and demand trends  
  • Historic volumes and values, company and brand market shares
  • Five year forecasts of market trends and market growth
  • Robust and transparent market research methodology, conducted in-country

Our market research reports answer questions such as:

  • What is the market size of Financial Cards and Payments in Greece?
  • What are the major operators and issuers in Greece?
  • How will regulation impact the market?  
  • What is the current state of emerging payment technologies such as mobile commerce?

Why buy this report?

  • Gain competitive intelligence about market leaders
  • Track key industry trends, opportunities and threats
  • Inform your marketing, brand, strategy and market development, sales and supply functions

Euromonitor’s industry reports, including Financial Cards and Payments in Greece, originate from our database within our Consumer Finance market share and market size database, Passport, a platform which analyses Consumer Finance in 46 countries and globally.

Sample Analysis

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Greek economy goes from bad in 2010 to worse in 2011

Greece has managed to avoid all-out default only because the European Central Bank (ECB), the European Union (EU), and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) collectively referred to as the “Troika” provided Greece with a €110 billion emergency loan issued in March of 2010. Greece is once again knocking on the door of default. The emergency loan issued in 2010 to avoid default came with certain criteria that must be met if Greece is to continue to receive tranches of the aforementioned €110 billion bailout loan.

Prepaid cards quickly gaining mass market acceptance

Greeks are increasingly getting used to the idea of making purchases on the internet. Consequently, they are using prepaid cards more often to do so. Business trends also indicate optimism for prospective profits from internet commerce. In 2007, 530,000 transactions were conducted in Greece with a prepaid card. By 2011, the number of prepaid card transactions totalled an astounding 6.3 million. Though Greeks have been relatively hesitant to shop electronically, the number of them who use the internet to buy goods and services has almost doubled since 2003. The perception that using prepaid cards to shop on the internet is safer than credit card or debit card transactions, has no doubt, contributed to prepaid card growth.

Growth of credit to households finally turns negative

The annual rate of change in the outstanding balance of financing to households has not only slowed but turned negative in 2009 and continued its steep decline in 2010. The disparity between the two components of credit growth amongst Greek consumers is evidence of not only the massive deleveraging that Greek consumers are experiencing, but also the reluctance of banks to lend to less than creditworthy borrowers as they look to contain potential losses on their respective lending portfolios.

Debit cards still positive

Despite the negative macroeconomic environment in Greece, debit card growth remains strong in both volume and value. Much of the success that debit cards have enjoyed is the result of the Greek consumers’ acceptance that their old, “buy now, pay later mentality”, has not served them well and has in fact contributed to their ever deteriorating personal economic situation. Greek consumers’ new-found frugality, coupled with increased advertising by Greek banks that highlight the benefits of debt versus credit card usage will most likely elevate the appeal of debit cards even more in the future.

Consumers still favour cash more than any other payment instrument

Whilst debit card usage is in fact gaining mainstream acceptance, it still pales in comparison to the amount of actual hard currency used in every day Greek life. The per capita value and volume of Greek ATM transactions in 2011 is far higher than that in virtually any other EU country. The Greek consumer not only goes to the ATM more often, but also withdrawals more euros with each visit than the average EU citizen. The reason for such a disproportionately high level of cash usage is twofold. One, Greek consumers still generally have a distrust of banks and two, they still enjoy the prestige that comes with carrying large amounts of money on their person.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Financial Cards and Payments in Greece - Industry Overview

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Greek economy goes from bad in 2010 to worse in 2011

Prepaid cards quickly gaining mass market acceptance

Growth of credit to households finally turns negative

Debit cards still positive

Consumers still favour cash more than any other payment instrument

KEY TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS

Growth of prepaid function for real and here to stay

Greek consumers are keeping their credit cards in their wallets

Decline in personal credit card usage is debit’s gain

Banks fighting for market share based on innovative credit card programmes

Growth in outstanding credit to consumers continues to decrease

MARKET INDICATORS

  • Table 1 Number of POS Terminals 2006-2011
  • Table 2 Number of ATMs 2006-2011
  • Table 3 Value Lost to Fraud 2006-2011
  • Table 4 Card Expenditure by Location 2011
  • Table 5 Card Expenditure by Category 2011
  • Table 6 Financial Cards in Circulation by Type: % Number of Cards 2006-2011
  • Table 7 Domestic versus Foreign Spend 2011

MARKET DATA

  • Table 8 Consumer Payments: Value 2006-2011
  • Table 9 Consumer Payments: Number of Transactions 2006-2011
  • Table 10 Financial Cards: Number of Cards in Circulation 2006-2011
  • Table 11 Financial Cards Transactions: Value 2006-2011
  • Table 12 Financial Cards: Number of Transactions 2006-2011
  • Table 13 Financial Cards: Number of Accounts 2006-2011
  • Table 14 Financial Cards: Number of Cards by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 15 Financial Cards: Number of Cards by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 16 Financial Cards: Card Payment Transaction Value by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 17 Financial Cards: Card Payment Transaction Value by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 18 Consumer Payments Forecast: Value 2011-2016
  • Table 19 Consumer Payments Forecast: Number of Transactions 2011-2016
  • Table 20 Financial Cards Forecast: Number of Cards in Circulation 2011-2016
  • Table 21 Financial Cards Forecast: Value 2011-2016
  • Table 22 Financial Cards Forecast: Number of Transactions 2011-2016
  • Table 23 Financial Cards Forecast: Number of Accounts 2011-2016

DEFINITIONS

ATM Function

Debit Function

Credit Function

Commercial Credit Cards

Charge Card Function

Commercial Charge Cards

Open Loop Pre-paid Function

Closed Loop Pre-paid Function

Store Cards

Pre-paid

Contact Smart Card

Contactless Smart Card

Card Expenditure by Location

Card Expenditure by Sector

Domestic Versus Foreign

Value Lost To Fraud

SOURCES

  • Summary 1 Research Sources

Financial Cards and Payments in Greece - Company Profiles

Alpha Bank SA in Consumer Finance (Greece)

STRATEGIC DIRECTION

KEY FACTS

COMPANY BACKGROUND

COMPETITIVE POSITIONING

  • Summary 3 Alpha Bank SA: Competitive Position 2010

EFG Eurobank Ergasias SA in Consumer Finance (Greece)

STRATEGIC DIRECTION

KEY FACTS

COMPANY BACKGROUND

COMPETITIVE POSITIONING

  • Summary 5 EFG Eurobank Ergasias SA: Competitive Position 2010

Emporiki Bank of Greece SA in Consumer Finance (Greece)

STRATEGIC DIRECTION

KEY FACTS

COMPANY BACKGROUND

COMPETITIVE POSITIONING

  • Summary 7 Emporiki Bank of Greece SA: Competitive Position 2010

National Bank of Greece SA in Consumer Finance (Greece)

STRATEGIC DIRECTION

KEY FACTS

COMPANY BACKGROUND

COMPETITIVE POSITIONING

  • Summary 9 National Bank of Greece SA: Competitive Position 2010

Piraeus Bank SA in Consumer Finance (Greece)

STRATEGIC DIRECTION

KEY FACTS

COMPANY BACKGROUND

COMPETITIVE POSITIONING

  • Summary 11 Piraeus Bank SA: Competitive Position 2010

ATM Transactions in Greece - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • The number of cards with ATM function in circulation in Greece declined by 2% in 2011 to 10.5 million cards.

COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

  • Given the severity and depth of the Greek financial crisis, consumers are logically concerned with the safety and health of their banks. As a direct result of this concern, consumers have shifted their deposits and thus their ATM business to Greek banks that are perceived to be the strongest and safest. This “flight to quality” directly benefits the National Bank of Greece (NBG), which has implicit guarantees from the Greek government that will step in if need be to assure that the bank remains solvent even under the worst scenarios.

PROSPECTS

  • The number of ATM-only cards is expected to continue to decline as newer, dual-functioning ATM/debit cards gradually replace them. Greek banks have not made a secret of their general dislike for ATM-only cards whose sole function is to allow consumers to withdraw enough cash to live on for weeks at a time. Given the Greek banking systems’ desperate need for liquid cash to finance their day-to-day activities, we continue to expect that ATM-only cards will continue to be de-emphasised from future banking marketing campaigns.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 24 ATM Cards Category Performance: 2006-2011
  • Table 25 ATM Cards Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2006-2011
  • Table 26 ATM Cards Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 27 ATM Cards in Circulation Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 28 ATM Cards Forecast Category Performance: 2011-2016
  • Table 29 ATM Cards Forecast Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2011-2016
  • Table 30 ATM Cards Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 31 ATM Cards in Circulation Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016

Charge Card Transactions in Greece - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • Charge cards users in Greece are typically upper-income professionals or business owners who value the cachet that using an American Express or Diners Club card conveys. Before the onset of the Greek financial crisis, upper-income charge card users were not worried about having to pay their charge card bill in full every month. Whilst the typical charge card user is still much better off than the average Greek consumer, even they are feeling a little apprehensive about spending the way they used to in previous reporting periods as can be seen by the 7% decline in charge card value, reaching €169 million in 2011.

COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

  • American Express was the leading personal charge card operator in Greece in 2010 with a 65% transaction value share, with the remainder obtained by Diners Club International. Since 2009, American Express started a partnership with Alpha Bank, the third largest bank in Greece, to become the only issuer of Amex’s cards in Greece. The addition of the American Express card to Alpha Bank’s already formidable stable of credit cards will make market share gains for American Express easier to achieve in the future as well-heeled consumers can be upsold to opening an American Express personal charge card in numerous Alpha Bank branches.

PROSPECTS

  • Total charge card transaction value is not forecast to return to positive growth until 2012 when total spend is expected to reach €175 million in constant value. The number of charge cards in circulation is forecast to decline marginally compared to -5% in 2012, and is not expected to surpass 64,000 charge cards in circulation until 2016. This reflects the fact that not only will they become more rare, but also more exclusive, with higher-income consumers making more use of them and being used as payment in more upmarket merchants. Whilst charge cards in circulation will once again begin to increase after 2012, we do not anticipate the number of cards in circulation to surpass the 2004 peak of 76,500 cards until the latter half of this decade.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 32 Charge Cards Category Performance: 2006-2011
  • Table 33 Charge Cards Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2006-2011
  • Table 34 Charge Cards Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 35 Charge Cards in Circulation Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 36 Personal Charge Cards Category Performance: 2006-2011
  • Table 37 Personal Charge Cards Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2006-2011
  • Table 38 Personal Charge Cards Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 39 Personal Charge Cards in Circulation Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 40 Commercial Charge Cards Category Performance: 2006-2011
  • Table 41 Commercial Charge Cards Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2006-2011
  • Table 42 Commercial Charge Cards Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 43 Commercial Charge Cards in Circulation Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 44 Charge Cards: Number of Cards by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 45 Charge Cards: Number of Cards by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 46 Charge Cards Payment Transaction Value by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 47 Charge Cards Payment Transaction Value by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 48 Personal Charge Cards: Number of Cards by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 49 Personal Charge Cards: Number of Cards by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 50 Personal Charge Cards Transaction Value by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 51 Personal Charge Cards Transaction Value by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 52 Commercial Charge Cards: Number of Cards by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 53 Commercial Charge Cards: Number of Cards by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 54 Commercial Charge Cards Payment Transaction Value by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 55 Commercial Charge Cards Payment Transaction Value by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 56 Charge Cards Forecast Category Performance: 2011-2016
  • Table 57 Charge Cards Forecast Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2011-2016
  • Table 58 Charge Cards Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 59 Charge Cards in Circulation Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 60 Personal Charge Cards Forecast Category Performance: 2011-2016
  • Table 61 Personal Charge Cards Forecast Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2011-2016
  • Table 62 Personal Charge Cards Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 63 Personal Charge Cards in Circulation Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 64 Commercial Charge Cards Forecast Category Performance: 2011-2016
  • Table 65 Commercial Charge Cards Forecast Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2011-2016
  • Table 66 Commercial Charge Cards Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 67 Commercial Charge Cards in Circulation Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016

Credit Card Transactions in Greece - Category Analysis

TRENDS

  • Currently, Greece is in the middle of a devastating recession that is threatening the country’s status as a member of the EU. Therefore, it should come to no surprise that credit issuance, volume and value have all declined markedly. Personal credit cards in circulation declined by another 10% in 2011, on top of -11% in 2010 and -15% in 2009. Likewise, personal credit card volume and value also declined 13% and 15%, respectively in 2011.

COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

  • Competition in credit cards is fierce amongst banks; however, market share positions are relatively stable. The leading credit card issuer at the end of the review period was EFG Eurobank Ergasias with roughly 1.5 million personal credit cards in circulation, equalling a 29% volume share. The NBG, in the second spot, also had approximately 1.5 million cards, but had a higher transaction value on its cards than Eurobank and held a 28% value share. It should come as no surprise that 2010 totals for every card-issuing bank are lower than they were in 2009 and 2008, indicating that consumers are opting to buy only what they need and are using cash or debit cards to do so.

PROSPECTS

  • Credit card transaction value is expected to decline further between 2011 and 2012, when the worst of the recession is expected to be over. Specifically, EMI forecasts a further 16% and 2% decline in personal credit card transaction constant value in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Such contraction is indicative of the severity of the recession and that 2011 was worse than 2010 for Greek consumers as tax hikes and government spending cuts have sapped the consumer’s spending power more than was previously expected.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 68 Credit Cards Category Performance: 2006-2011
  • Table 69 Credit Cards Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2006-2011
  • Table 70 Credit Cards Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 71 Credit Cards in Circulation Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 72 Personal Credit Cards Category Performance: 2006-2011
  • Table 73 Personal Credit Cards Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2006-2011
  • Table 74 Personal Credit Cards Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 75 Personal Credit Cards in Circulation Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 76 Commercial Credit Cards Category Performance: 2006-2011
  • Table 77 Commercial Credit Cards Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2006-2011
  • Table 78 Commercial Credit Cards Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 79 Commercial Credit Cards in Circulation Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 80 Credit Cards: Number of Cards by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 81 Credit Cards: Number of Cards by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 82 Credit Cards Payment Transaction Value by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 83 Credit Cards Payment Transaction Value by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 84 Personal Credit Cards: Number of Cards by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 85 Personal Credit Cards: Number of Cards by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 86 Personal Credit Cards Payment Transaction Value by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 87 Personal Credit Cards Payment Transaction Value by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 88 Commercial Credit Cards: Number of Cards by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 89 Commercial Credit Cards: Number of Cards by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 90 Commercial Credit Cards Payment Transaction Value by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 91 Commercial Credit Cards Payment Transaction Value by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 92 Credit Cards Forecast Category Performance: 2011-2016
  • Table 93 Credit Cards Forecast Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2011-2016
  • Table 94 Credit Cards Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 95 Credit Cards in Circulation Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 96 Personal Credit Cards Forecast Category Performance: 2011-2016
  • Table 97 Personal Credit Cards Forecast Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2011-2016
  • Table 98 Personal Credit Cards Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 99 Personal Credit Cards in Circulation Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 100 Commercial Credit Cards Forecast Category Performance: 2011-2016
  • Table 101 Commercial Credit Cards Forecast Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2011-2016
  • Table 102 Commercial Credit Cards Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 103 Commercial Credit Cards in Circulation Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016

Debit Transactions in Greece - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • The majority of debit cards are still used like an ATM cards, just to take out cash from ATM machines. However, given the tremendous growth that debit cards have enjoyed in Greece, it appears that Greek consumers are growing increasingly comfortable with their use and functionality. The increasing popularity of debit card usage is also indicative of the success that debit card-issuing banks are finally starting to have regarding educating consumers on the advantages of using debit rather than credit to make purchases.

COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

  • Visa Europe remained the leading debit card operator in 2010 accounting for 60% of total value share. In terms of number of debit cards however, Visa and MasterCard have evenly split the market with 52% and 48% volume shares, respectively. Whilst both operators have major deals with most of the main issuers in Greece, MasterCard continues to be the exclusive debit card provider for the National Bank of Greece.

PROSPECTS

  • Debit card transaction value is expected to enjoy a constant value CAGR of 13% from 2011 to 2016, the end of the forecast period. As the Greek economy slowly begins to heal, we anticipate debit cards will play a more important role in the economy going forward – not because of innovation, but because consumers will remain averse to using credit cards for purchases. Furthermore, with many issuers becoming pickier regarding clients, they are more likely to decline credit card requests, leaving consumers no other choice but to pay using a debit card.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 104 Debit Cards Category Performance: 2006-2011
  • Table 105 Debit Cards Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2006-2011
  • Table 106 Debit Cards Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 107 Debit Cards in Circulation Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 108 Debit Cards: Number of Cards by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 109 Debit Cards: Number of Cards by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 110 Debit Cards Payment Transaction Value by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 111 Debit Cards Payment Transaction Value by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 112 Debit Cards Forecast Category Performance: 2011-2016
  • Table 113 Debit Cards Forecast Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2011-2016
  • Table 114 Debit Cards Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 115 Debit Cards in Circulation Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016

Pre-Paid Card Transactions in Greece - Category Analysis

HEADLINES

TRENDS

  • Prepaid cards have been primarily promoted as a good priority payment method when purchasing goods online. Online security is still an issue in the country and consumers feel much safer paying for goods in cash. Consumers remain reluctant to divulge their card details online and financial institutions continue to promote prepaid cards as a convenient and safe payment method.

COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

  • Prepaid card offerings are expected to increase as card-issuing banks can no longer deny the viability of the product. Amongst the four major prepaid card-issuing banks, only one, EFG Eurobank Ergasias, is a top five commercial bank in Greece. The others are niche banks with nowhere near the resources of their top five peers to promote new product introductions.

PROSPECTS

  • Euromonitor International fully expects Alpha Bank, Piraeus Bank and NBG to ramp up their prepaid card offerings and compete for market share in this segment. On the other hand, from the perspective of prepaid card operators, it seems that MasterCard is content to focus its attention on the debit card market and allow Visa to maintain the 79% volume share in terms of cards in circulation for prepaid cards it enjoyed in 2010.

CATEGORY DATA

  • Table 116 Pre-paid Cards Category Performance: 2006-2011
  • Table 117 Open Loop Pre-paid Cards Category Performance: 2006-2011
  • Table 118 Pre-paid Cards Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2006-2011
  • Table 119 Pre-paid Cards Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 120 Open Loop Pre-paid Cards Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 121 Pre-paid Cards in Circulation Category Performance: % Growth 2006-2011
  • Table 122 Pre-paid Cards: Number of Cards by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 123 Pre-paid Cards: Number of Cards by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 124 Pre-paid Cards Transaction Value by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 125 Pre-paid Cards Transaction Value by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 126 Open Loop Pre-paid Cards: Number of Cards by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 127 Open Loop Pre-paid Cards: Number of Cards by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 128 Open Loop Pre-paid Cards Transaction Value by Issuer 2006-2010
  • Table 129 Open Loop Pre-paid Cards Transaction Value by Operator 2006-2010
  • Table 130 Pre-paid Cards Forecast Category Performance: 2011-2016
  • Table 131 Open Loop Pre-paid Cards Forecast Category Performance: 2011-2016
  • Table 132 Pre-paid Cards Forecast Category Performance: Number of Cards in Circulation 2011-2016
  • Table 133 Pre-paid Cards Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 134 Open Loop Pre-paid Cards Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016
  • Table 135 Pre-paid Cards in Circulation Forecast Category Performance: % Growth 2011-2016

Segmentation

Segmentation

This market research report includes the following:

  • Financial Cards in Circulation

Statistics Included

Statistics Included

For each category and subcategory you will receive the following data in Excel format:

From Passport

  • Market sizes
  • Company shares
  • Analysis by type
  • Card expenditure by location
  • Card expenditure by sector
  • Domestic vs foreign spend

Market size details:

  • Retail value retail selling price % growth
  • Retail value retail selling price local currency, USD, EUR, GBP, CHF, JPY
  • Retail value retail selling price per capita local currency, USD, EUR, GBP, CHF, JPY
  • Retail value retail selling price real (constant 2008) prices % growth
  • Retail value retail selling price real (constant 2008) prices local currency, USD, EUR, GBP, CHF, JPY
  • Retail value retail selling price real (constant 2008) prices per capita local currency, USD, EUR, GBP, CHF, JPY
  • Number of cards
  • Number of cards % growth
  • Number of cards per capita
  • Number of accounts
  • Number of accounts % growth
  • Number of accounts per capita
  • Transactions
  • Transactions % growth
  • Transactions per capita
  • Retail value retail selling price nominal (current) prices % growth
  • Retail value retail selling price nominal (current) prices local currency, USD, EUR, GBP, CHF, JPY
  • Retail value retail selling price nominal (current) prices per capita local currency, USD, EUR, GBP, CHF, JPY

Methodology

Methodology

Global insight and local knowledge

With 40 years’ experience of developed and emerging markets, Euromonitor International’s research method is built on a unique combination of specialist industry knowledge and in-country research expertise.

This approach is what enables us to achieve our goal of building a market consensus view of size, shape and trends across the full distribution universe of each category. We factor in whichever channels are relevant, from large-scale grocery to direct sellers, from discount stores to local mom-and-pop outlets.

Industry specialists

Each industry we cover is managed by an Industry Manager and team of Industry Analysts who research and report on their specialist categories all year round.

Our collaborative approach to research means that these industry teams are in constant dialogue with industry players and opinion formers. The planning of our research programmes reflects latest market trends and industry events. In completing each update project, this provides invaluable input to the testing, review and finalisation of our data.

The specialist in-house teams bring together findings from all stages of the annual research process. They work closely with in-country analysts, assess and challenge data and exercise final editorial control over the publication of new data and analysis.

Country and regional analysts

Our in-country analyst network is managed by country and regional analysts in our offices around the world. Working closely with each in-country team, the regional research management team ensures that all country researchers are well schooled in best practices, from the information collected in store checks, to the dialogue we build in trade surveys. Our country analysts ensure that national reports explain the data trends and provide clear insights into the local market’s dynamics.

In-country research network

To deliver fresh insights every year in countries all around the world, we believe the strongest approach is to use analysts on the ground. They bring fluency in local language, physical proximity to the best sources, an ability to engage directly with local industry contacts, and an awareness of how the products and services we study are advertised, sold and consumed. These are essential parts of our ability to report incisively on these markets.

Research Methodology

Our research methods

Each Euromonitor International industry report is based on a core set of research techniques:

Desk research

With industry events, corporate activity, trends and new product introductions tracked year round by our industry team, desk research provides a starting point for the in-country research programme. Our in-country researchers will access the following sources:

  • National statistics offices governmental and official sources
  • National and international trade press
  • National and international trade associations
  • Industry study groups and other semi-official sources
  • Company financials and annual reports
  • Broker reports
  • Online databases
  • The financial, business and mainstream press

Accessing sources is only the first step. The ability to interpret and reconcile often conflicting information across multiple sources is a key aspect of the added value we provide.

Store checks

Store checks are an integral part of our methods for product industries. Carried out on the ground across a relevant mix of channels, the information gained provides first-hand insights into the products we are researching, specifically:

  • Place: We track products in all relevant channels, selective and mass, store and non-store
  • Product: What are innovations in products, pack sizes and formats?
  • Price: What are brand price variations across channels, how do private label’s prices compare to those of branded goods?
  • Promotion: What are marketing and merchandising trends, offers, discounts and tie-ins?

Findings are cross-referenced with brand share data analysis. The results, combined with the findings of desk research, provide a strong basis for identifying key areas of questioning to take forward into our trade survey.

Trade survey

Interaction with global players at corporate HQ and regional levels is complemented by unique local data and insights from our in-country trade surveys around the world. Through the high profile of the Euromonitor International brand, we are able to talk directly to a wide range of sources and therefore inform our analysis with the knowledge and opinions of the leading operators in the market.

Trade surveys allow us to:

  • Fill gaps in available published data per company
  • Generate a consensus view of the size, structure and strategic direction of the category
  • Access year-in-progress data where published sources are out of date
  • Evaluate the experts’ views on current trends and market developments

In building our composite industry view, we engage with a variety of personnel in key players at all points of the supply chain: materials suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers and service operators. We also interview desk research sources: industry associations; study groups; and third party observers from the trade and financial press.

Our objective is to engage in conversation with trade sources in which we exchange ideas and views on the industry, sharing our work-in-progress findings on supply/demand dynamics and potential. This dialogue enhances both parties’ understanding of the local market. The scope and reach of our trade survey also serves to eliminate bias (intentional and unintentional) from any single source.

Company analysis

At a global level, our company research combines our mix of industry interaction and use of secondary sources such as annual accounts, broker reports, financial press and databases. From a data perspective, the aim is to build “top-down” estimates of major players’ total global and regional sales.

At a country level, in line with local reporting requirements, we access annual accounts, national-specific company databases and local company websites. These are all invaluable sources as we build a view of each domestic player’s size and position within very specific categories of the industry.

Forecasts

Data projections and future performance analysis are key elements of Euromonitor International’s market intelligence. Working with historic trends of 15 years or more, a key aspect of our trade survey is to engage industry insider views of the next five years. Will volumes maintain their historic trend? Will price increases or falls of recent years continue, accelerate or slow down? Will increasing demand for one product cannibalise sales of another?

Forecasts represent many of the essential conclusions we have reached about the current state of the market, how it works and how it behaves under different macro and micro conditions. Our written analysis will state the assumptions and the trade opinion behind whether our predictions are optimistic or pessimistic, so that clients can use our statistical forecasts with confidence.

Data validation

All data is subjected to an exhaustive review process, at country, regional and global levels.

The interpretation and review of sources and data inputs forms a central part of the collaboration between industry teams and country researchers. Numbers are delivered to regional and global offices with an audit trail of sources and calculations to allow for a thorough evaluation of data sense and integrity.

Upon completion of the country review phase, data is then reviewed on a comparative basis at regional and then at a global level. Comparative checks are carried out on per capita consumption and spending levels, growth rates, patterns of category and subcategory breakdowns and distribution of sales by channel. Top-down estimates are reviewed against bottom-up regional and global market and company sales totals.

Where marked differences are seen between proximate country markets or ones at similar developmental levels, supplementary research is conducted in the relevant countries to confirm and/or amend those findings. This process ensures international comparability across the database, that consistent category and subcategory definitions have been used and that all data has been correctly tested. We make sure that possible discrepancies between different published sources have been reconciled and that our interpretation of opinion and expectation from each country’s trade sources has been applied to form a coherent international pattern.

Market analysis

Another integral part of all our research programmes is that all Euromonitor International data is accompanied by clear written analysis. From a research perspective, this explains and substantiates data findings. From a client perspective, this offers unique insights into local consumption trends, routes to market, brand preferences, channel dynamics and future trends.

Our country level analysis also provides invaluable input into the ability of our central industry specialist teams to marry local insights with strategic conclusions on the direction of the market regionally and globally.

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